What is the key difference between a hazard and a risk?

The distinction between a hazard and a risk is crucial in understanding safety and health protocols. A hazard represents something that has the potential to cause harm or adverse effects. For instance, the presence of chemicals in a laboratory is a hazard because they can potentially cause injuries or health issues. On the other hand, risk quantifies the likelihood that the hazard will actually cause harm, taking into account various factors such as exposure, frequency, and the severity of the potential outcome.

When assessing safety, recognizing both the presence of hazards and evaluating the associated risks helps in implementing effective control measures. For example, you might have a toxic chemical (hazard), but if you never use it or are exposed to it, the risk becomes minimal. This understanding allows organizations to prioritize safety measures effectively by addressing both the hazards present and assessing their risks to establish appropriate safety protocols.